Vietnam is an emerging market with growing demand for international products. However, navigating its import procedures and regulatory environment can be challenging. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the required documentation, licensing, customs clearance, import taxes, and other essential steps to help businesses import goods successfully into Vietnam.

Table of Contents

• 1. Required Import Documentation
• 2. Vietnam Customs Clearance Process
• 3. Import Licenses and Product Registration
• 4. Taxes and Duties on Imported Goods
• 5. Prohibited and Restricted Imports
• 6. Options for Foreign Businesses
• 7. Step-by-Step Importing Process
• 8. FAQs
• 9. Conclusion

1. Required Import Documentation

To import goods into Vietnam, businesses must prepare the following essential documents:

• Sales Contract: Agreement between the buyer and seller outlining transaction terms.
• Commercial Invoice: Lists product values and payment terms.
• Packing List: Describes quantity and packaging details.
• Bill of Lading (B/L) or Airway Bill (AWB): Proof of shipment from carrier.
• Customs Declaration: Filed electronically to declare the goods to Vietnam Customs.
• Certificate of Origin (C/O): Verifies origin and supports tariff preferences.
• Import Licenses (if applicable): Required for restricted or regulated goods.

2. Vietnam Customs Clearance Process

Vietnam uses the VNACCS (Vietnam Automated Cargo Clearance System) for customs procedures. Importers must:

• Submit an electronic customs declaration within 30 days of the shipment’s arrival.
• Shipments are categorized into three channels:
  • Green Channel – No inspection required.
  • Yellow Channel – Document review.
  • Red Channel – Full inspection of documents and goods.

3. Import Licenses and Product Registration

Certain products require special permits or registrations:

• Business Registration Certificate (BRC) – Confirms the importer’s legal status.
• Import Licenses – Issued for restricted goods by relevant ministries.
• Additional certifications based on product type:
  • Food and Beverages: Food safety permits
  • Pharmaceuticals: Ministry of Health approval
  • Medical Devices: Registered with health authorities
  • Cosmetics: Registered with Drug Administration of Vietnam
  • Electronics: May require conformity certification

4. Taxes and Duties on Imported Goods

Vietnam applies several import taxes:

• Import Duty: Based on HS Code classification.
• Value-Added Tax (VAT): Typically 5% or 10%.
• Special Consumption Tax (SCT): Applies to luxury items like alcohol and tobacco.

Preferential Trade Agreements

Vietnam’s participation in FTAs (e.g., CPTPP, ASEAN) may offer reduced tariff rates if the goods qualify under rules of origin.

5. Prohibited and Restricted Imports

Some goods are restricted or banned due to health, environmental, or national security concerns:

• Used consumer electronics or auto parts
• Toxic chemicals or hazardous substances
• Weapons or military equipment
• Alcohol or cigarettes without permits
• Counterfeit goods

6. Options for Foreign Businesses

Foreign companies can import into Vietnam by:

• Setting Up a Trading Company:
  • Requires establishing a legal entity and obtaining import/export licenses.
  • Offers full control but involves significant setup.
• Using an Importer of Record (IOR):
  • Enables market entry without establishing a local company.
  • Ideal for testing demand with lower upfront costs.

7. Step-by-Step Importing Process

1. Determine HS Code and product classification.
2. Check licensing requirements.
3. Gather all necessary documents.
4. Calculate applicable taxes and tariffs.
5. Choose a reliable logistics partner.
6. Submit VNACCS customs declaration.
7. Pay taxes and duties.
8. Arrange for post-import approvals, if needed.

8. FAQs

What is the HS Code, and why is it important?

The Harmonized System (HS) Code classifies goods for customs and taxation. Accurate classification ensures proper tariff rates and compliance.

Can I import goods to Vietnam without a company?

Yes. You can use an Importer of Record (IOR) service to handle customs and compliance without establishing a local entity.

How long does the customs clearance process take?

It varies depending on the channel. Green channel shipments may clear in a day, while red channel inspections can take several days.

Do I need a license to import cosmetics?

Yes. Cosmetics must be notified with the Drug Administration of Vietnam before customs clearance.

9. Conclusion

Importing into Vietnam requires careful attention to detail. By understanding the regulations, preparing accurate documentation, and choosing the right business structure, companies can enter Vietnam’s dynamic market successfully. Collaborating with knowledgeable local partners and staying informed about legal updates ensures smoother operations.

Need support with your import process in Vietnam? Contact Green NRJ for expert guidance on import-export, licensing, and compliance.